Linux how to get permission to download file

If Bethany and Jacob are the only users on the system and you know your network is safe — very important , you can change the permissions of the folder to give them access. One way to do this would be to issue the command:. As you can probably surmise, this command opens wide the SHARE folder such that anyone on the system can have access to that folder.

As I mentioned earlier, a more secure method would be to use groups. The permissions you can give to a file or folder are:. Using the -R switch is important. If you have a number of sub-folders and files within the SHARE directory, and you want the permissions to apply from the parent object the containing folder to the child objects the sub-folders and files , you must use the -R recursive switch so the same permissions are applied all the way to the deepest folder, contained within the parent.

Changing the ownership of a file or folder is equally as simple. This can be changed with a simple command:. Should Bethany send the folder back to Jacob, the ownership would need to again be changed again, this will be simplified with the use of groups. To do this, within the Nautilus file manager, follow these steps:. The trick comes when you need to change the permissions of a folder which does not belong to you. It can be done, but Nautilus must be started with admin access.

To do this, follow these steps:. To address this, Unix added the file permission feature to specify how much power each user has over a given file or directory. In this tutorial, you will learn how to view and change file permissions in Linux. To start with file permissions, you have to find the current Linux permission settings. There are two options to choose from, depending on your personal preference: checking through the graphical interface or using the command.

Locate the file you want to examine, right-click on the icon, and select Properties. This opens a new window initially showing Basic information about the file. Navigate to the second tab in the window, labeled Permissions. For each file, the owner can grant or restrict access to users according to the categories they fall in.

In our example, the owner of the file test. Therefore, they can only open the file, but cannot make any modifications. To alter the file configuration, the user can open the drop-down menu for each category and select the desired permission.

Additionally, you can make the file executable, allowing it to run as a program, by checking the Execute box. You can also add the —l option to the command to see the information in the long list format. To check the permission configuration of a file, use the command:. It shows the permission settings, grouped in a string of characters -, r, w, x classified into four sections:.

The characters r , w , and x stand for read , write , and execute. The categories can have all three privileges, just specific ones, or none at all represented by — , for denied.

The next column shows the date and time the file was last modified. And, of course, the final column gives the filename. Deciphering the security characters will take a bit more work. Understanding the security permissions First, you must think of those nine characters as three sets of three characters see the box at the bottom.

This permission is given only if the file is a program. User, group and others user — The user permissions apply only the owner of the file or directory, they will not impact the actions of other users.

I cannot execute it because it is not a program; it is a text file. The final three characters show the permissions allowed to anyone who has a UserID on this Linux system. This means anyone in our Linux world can read, but they cannot modify the contents of the files or execute it. We use: u for user g for group o for others, you can also use a combination of them u,g,o.

This specifies which of the three groups you want to modify. Then specify the permission r,w or x you want to change. Here also you can use a combination of r,w,x. Finally, specify which file you are changing. You can also change multiple permissions at once. For example, if you want to take all permissions away from everyone, you would type chmod ugo-rwx xyz.